Classification of water-related infections
Each water-related infection can be assigned to one of the following categories:
Faecal-oral, water-washed, water-based and insect-vectored. Table 2 classifies major water-related infections and assigns them to their category in addition to linking them to the infectious agent that causes the disease.
Category
infection
Pathogenic agent
Fecal-oral
(water-born or water-washed)
Diarrheas and dysentaries
Amoebic dysentary
Campylobacter enteritis
Cholera
E. coli diarrhea
Giardiasis
Rotavirus diarrhea
Salmonellosis
Shigellosis
Yersinosis
Enteric Fevers
Typhoid
Paratyphoid
Poliomyelitis
Hepatitis A
Leptospirosis
Protozoon
Bacterium
Virus
Spirochete
Water-washed:
a) skin and eye infections
b) other
Infectious skin diseases
Infectious eye diseases
Louse-borne typhus
Louse-borne relapsing fever
Miscellaneous
Rickettsia
Water-based:
a) penetrating skin
b) ingested
Schistosomiasis
Guinea worm
Clonorchiasis
Others
Helminth
Water-related
insect vector
a) biting near water
b) breeding in water
Sleeping sickness
Filariasis
Malaria
River blindness
Mosquito-borne
Yellow fever
Dengue
of water-related infection (Carincross and Feachem,1993)
Infectious diseases (2/6)
Infectious diseases (2/6)