Due to climate change or simply by men’s activity like irrigation for agriculture, many regions have seen their availability of fresh water decreasing and even disappearing what led to new deserts, arid and semi-arid regions. The situation is particularly critical in the Middle East and North Africa where almost all conventional water resources have been exploited like in Saudi Arabia, the Arab Emirates, Oman, Qatar, Kuwait, Bahrain, Yemen, Jordan, Israel, Palestinian territories, and Libya (Lazarova, 2001).